Illustration UNESCO
FIP Invited Sessions: Models of International Partnership
Monday, 13 April 2015 from 13:30 to 18:15 (US/Eastern)
at Hilton Baltimore Inner Harbor ( Key 8 ),
Context/Background: The underlying foundation of the P5 report is the "international" nature of science projects. What are the succesfull models for inetrnational collaboration acorss science in the US and the world? Here we focus on HEP/NP/Astro/Cosmo/Gravity.
Questions for Discussion: Are there actual mechanisms and cross-national platforms that facilitate international science deals? What is the US government framework used to negotiate and make deals that involve big science projects? What examples do we have of successful and unseccessful international deals? How do (geographically) national labs with international science programs fit into the frameworks for international partnerships? Do we have similar examples from industry where worldwide collaboration was necessary for big projects to be carried out? How do such deals warrant the reward of all participants with intellectual credit and sharing of the results? China, Korea and other flourishing economies are progressing in international deal making for matters of national pride and international leadership in science and technology. Where does the US and Europe stand in this landscape?
Slides appeared first here at the time of the session.
Questions for Discussion: Are there actual mechanisms and cross-national platforms that facilitate international science deals? What is the US government framework used to negotiate and make deals that involve big science projects? What examples do we have of successful and unseccessful international deals? How do (geographically) national labs with international science programs fit into the frameworks for international partnerships? Do we have similar examples from industry where worldwide collaboration was necessary for big projects to be carried out? How do such deals warrant the reward of all participants with intellectual credit and sharing of the results? China, Korea and other flourishing economies are progressing in international deal making for matters of national pride and international leadership in science and technology. Where does the US and Europe stand in this landscape?
Slides appeared first here at the time of the session.
David Gross (UCSB/KITP); Introduction and Context The talk introduces the international partnership landscape and challenges in high energy physics. Slides
David Jonathan Gross is an American particle physicist and string theorist. He was awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics for their discovery of asymptotic freedom.
Sergio Bertolucci (CERN) LHC at CERN – Machine and Detectors This talk gives an overview of the CERN/LHC and its experiments framework of international partnership, a uniquely successful model. Slides
Sergio Bertolucci is an Italian experimental physicist . He was Director of LNF from 2002 to 2004, Chair of the LHC Committee (LHCC) of CERN from 2004 to 2007, Vice President of INFN from 2005 to 2008, and since 2009 is Director of Research and Scientific Computing at CERN.
Joseph Lykken (FNAL) The Long Baseline Neutrino Facility -- Developing Model The proposed Long Baseline Neutrino Facility is the first attempt to host a large basic science initiative in the United States that is formulated from the beginning as an international project. LBNF will consist of a 1.2 megawatt proton beam neutrino source at Fermilab in Illinois, sending high energy neutrinos to large liquid argon detectors located 1300 kilometers away and a mile underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in South Dakota. The detectors will be built and operated by a newly formed scientific collaboration called DUNE (for Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment); this is a global collaboration of 142 universities and labs from 24 countries. The international governance and oversight of LBNF and DUNE borrows from the successful model of the LHC, with adaptions arising from the fact that Fermilab is a U.S. Dept. of Energy national lab, not an international lab like CERN. Slides
Joseph David Lykken is a theoretical physicist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. As of July 1, 2014 he is the Deputy Director and Chief Research Officer of Fermilab.
Thomas Glasmacher (FNAL) FRIB (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams)--Diverse Partnership Models in Nuclear Physics Discoveries in nuclear physics are made by international teams of scientists, often facilitated by large and expensive accelerator facilities. This presentation looks at different partnership models to establish and operate large nuclear physics scientific user facilities and their implications for project delivery. Progress on construction and partnership model choices for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams are presented in detail.Slides
Thomas Glasmacher is the FRIB Project manager and project director since August 2009. In 1995 he joined the MSU faculty in the Department of Physics and Astronomy and NSCL, where he is now a University Distinguished Professor.
Robert Iotti (CH2M) ITER--Is it a model For International Scientific Cooperation? ITER is an international experimental facility being built by seven Parties to demonstrate the long term potential of fusion energy. The ITER Joint Implementation Agreement (JIA) defines the structure and governance model of such cooperation. There are a number of necessary conditions for such international projects to be successful: a complete design, strong systems engineering working with an agreed set of requirements, an experienced organization with systems and plans in place to manage the project, a cost estimate backed by industry, and someone in charge. Unfortunately for ITER many of these conditions were not present. The paper discusses the priorities in the JIA which led to setting up the project with a Central Integrating Organization (IO) in Cadarache, France as the ITER HQ, and seven Domestic Agencies (DAs) located in the countries of the Parties, responsible for delivering 90%+ of the project hardware as Contributions-in-Kind and also financial contributions to the IO, as "Contributions-in-Cash.'' Theoretically the Director General (DG) is responsible for everything. In practice the DG does not have the power to control the work of the DAs, and there is not an effective management structure enabling the IO and the DAs to arbitrate disputes, so the project is not really managed, but is a loose collaboration of competing interests. Any DA can effectively block a decision reached by the DG. Inefficiencies in completing design while setting up a competent organization from scratch contributed to the delays and cost increases during the initial few years. So did the fact that the original estimate was not developed from industry input. Unforeseen inflation and market demand on certain commodities/materials further exacerbated the cost increases. Since then, improvements are debatable. Does this mean that the governance model of ITER is a wrong model for international scientific cooperation? I do not believe so. Had the necessary conditions for success been present at the beginning, ITER would be in far better shape. As is, it can provide good lessons to avoid the same problems in the future. The ITER Council is now applying those lessons. A very experienced new Director General has just been appointed. He has instituted a number of drastic changes, but still within the governance of the JIA. Will there changes be effective? Only time will tell, but I am optimistic. Slides
Robert C. Iotti is the President of CH2M Hill Nuclear Business Group and the present Chair of the ITER Council.
Roger Blandford (Stanford) Astrophysics and Cosmology: International Partnerships Most large projects in astrophysics and cosmology are international. This raises many challenges including:- Aligning the sequence of: proposal, planning, selection, funding, construction, deployment, operation, data mining in different countries - Managing to minimize cost growth through reconciling different practices - Communicating at all levels to ensure a successful outcome - Stabilizing long term career opportunities. There has been considerable progress in confronting these challenges. Lessons learned from past collaborations are influencing current facilities but much remains to be done if we are to optimize the scientific and public return on the expenditure of financial and human resources. Slides
Roger David Blandford is a British theoretical astrophysicist, best known for his work on black holes and the chair of Astro2010, the decadal survey that helps define and recommend funding priorities for U.S. astronomy research in the upcoming decade.
Gabriela Gonzalez (LSU) The LIGO Scientific Collaboration The LIGO Scientific Collaboration (LSC) is a self-governing collaboration seeking to detect gravitational waves, use them to explore the fundamental physics of gravity, and develop gravitational wave observations as a tool of astronomical discovery. The LSC works toward this goal through research on, and development of techniques for, gravitational wave detection; and the development, commissioning and exploitation of gravitational wave detectors. The LSC, funded in 1997, has now many hundreds of scientists in 16 countries, with a diverse range of skills and background. The LSC is preparing for a discovery era with Advanced LIGO detectors starting in the next few years; we will describe the features and challenges of the LSC organization in such an exciting time. Slides
Gabriela Gonzalez is an Argentinian physicist and the spokesperson of the LIGO Scientific Collaboration since 2011.
Panel Discussion (moderator Maria Spiropulu) Invited panelists: William Colglazier (Former Science and Technology Adviser, US Dept of State), James Siegrist (DOE Office of Science), and Saul Gonzalez (OSTP) inanition to the sessions speakers.
Organized by Maria Spiropulu (Caltech) & Ed Berger (ANL)
David Jonathan Gross is an American particle physicist and string theorist. He was awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics for their discovery of asymptotic freedom.
Sergio Bertolucci (CERN) LHC at CERN – Machine and Detectors This talk gives an overview of the CERN/LHC and its experiments framework of international partnership, a uniquely successful model. Slides
Sergio Bertolucci is an Italian experimental physicist . He was Director of LNF from 2002 to 2004, Chair of the LHC Committee (LHCC) of CERN from 2004 to 2007, Vice President of INFN from 2005 to 2008, and since 2009 is Director of Research and Scientific Computing at CERN.
Joseph Lykken (FNAL) The Long Baseline Neutrino Facility -- Developing Model The proposed Long Baseline Neutrino Facility is the first attempt to host a large basic science initiative in the United States that is formulated from the beginning as an international project. LBNF will consist of a 1.2 megawatt proton beam neutrino source at Fermilab in Illinois, sending high energy neutrinos to large liquid argon detectors located 1300 kilometers away and a mile underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in South Dakota. The detectors will be built and operated by a newly formed scientific collaboration called DUNE (for Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment); this is a global collaboration of 142 universities and labs from 24 countries. The international governance and oversight of LBNF and DUNE borrows from the successful model of the LHC, with adaptions arising from the fact that Fermilab is a U.S. Dept. of Energy national lab, not an international lab like CERN. Slides
Joseph David Lykken is a theoretical physicist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. As of July 1, 2014 he is the Deputy Director and Chief Research Officer of Fermilab.
Thomas Glasmacher (FNAL) FRIB (Facility for Rare Isotope Beams)--Diverse Partnership Models in Nuclear Physics Discoveries in nuclear physics are made by international teams of scientists, often facilitated by large and expensive accelerator facilities. This presentation looks at different partnership models to establish and operate large nuclear physics scientific user facilities and their implications for project delivery. Progress on construction and partnership model choices for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams are presented in detail.Slides
Thomas Glasmacher is the FRIB Project manager and project director since August 2009. In 1995 he joined the MSU faculty in the Department of Physics and Astronomy and NSCL, where he is now a University Distinguished Professor.
Robert Iotti (CH2M) ITER--Is it a model For International Scientific Cooperation? ITER is an international experimental facility being built by seven Parties to demonstrate the long term potential of fusion energy. The ITER Joint Implementation Agreement (JIA) defines the structure and governance model of such cooperation. There are a number of necessary conditions for such international projects to be successful: a complete design, strong systems engineering working with an agreed set of requirements, an experienced organization with systems and plans in place to manage the project, a cost estimate backed by industry, and someone in charge. Unfortunately for ITER many of these conditions were not present. The paper discusses the priorities in the JIA which led to setting up the project with a Central Integrating Organization (IO) in Cadarache, France as the ITER HQ, and seven Domestic Agencies (DAs) located in the countries of the Parties, responsible for delivering 90%+ of the project hardware as Contributions-in-Kind and also financial contributions to the IO, as "Contributions-in-Cash.'' Theoretically the Director General (DG) is responsible for everything. In practice the DG does not have the power to control the work of the DAs, and there is not an effective management structure enabling the IO and the DAs to arbitrate disputes, so the project is not really managed, but is a loose collaboration of competing interests. Any DA can effectively block a decision reached by the DG. Inefficiencies in completing design while setting up a competent organization from scratch contributed to the delays and cost increases during the initial few years. So did the fact that the original estimate was not developed from industry input. Unforeseen inflation and market demand on certain commodities/materials further exacerbated the cost increases. Since then, improvements are debatable. Does this mean that the governance model of ITER is a wrong model for international scientific cooperation? I do not believe so. Had the necessary conditions for success been present at the beginning, ITER would be in far better shape. As is, it can provide good lessons to avoid the same problems in the future. The ITER Council is now applying those lessons. A very experienced new Director General has just been appointed. He has instituted a number of drastic changes, but still within the governance of the JIA. Will there changes be effective? Only time will tell, but I am optimistic. Slides
Robert C. Iotti is the President of CH2M Hill Nuclear Business Group and the present Chair of the ITER Council.
Roger Blandford (Stanford) Astrophysics and Cosmology: International Partnerships Most large projects in astrophysics and cosmology are international. This raises many challenges including:- Aligning the sequence of: proposal, planning, selection, funding, construction, deployment, operation, data mining in different countries - Managing to minimize cost growth through reconciling different practices - Communicating at all levels to ensure a successful outcome - Stabilizing long term career opportunities. There has been considerable progress in confronting these challenges. Lessons learned from past collaborations are influencing current facilities but much remains to be done if we are to optimize the scientific and public return on the expenditure of financial and human resources. Slides
Roger David Blandford is a British theoretical astrophysicist, best known for his work on black holes and the chair of Astro2010, the decadal survey that helps define and recommend funding priorities for U.S. astronomy research in the upcoming decade.
Gabriela Gonzalez (LSU) The LIGO Scientific Collaboration The LIGO Scientific Collaboration (LSC) is a self-governing collaboration seeking to detect gravitational waves, use them to explore the fundamental physics of gravity, and develop gravitational wave observations as a tool of astronomical discovery. The LSC works toward this goal through research on, and development of techniques for, gravitational wave detection; and the development, commissioning and exploitation of gravitational wave detectors. The LSC, funded in 1997, has now many hundreds of scientists in 16 countries, with a diverse range of skills and background. The LSC is preparing for a discovery era with Advanced LIGO detectors starting in the next few years; we will describe the features and challenges of the LSC organization in such an exciting time. Slides
Gabriela Gonzalez is an Argentinian physicist and the spokesperson of the LIGO Scientific Collaboration since 2011.
Panel Discussion (moderator Maria Spiropulu) Invited panelists: William Colglazier (Former Science and Technology Adviser, US Dept of State), James Siegrist (DOE Office of Science), and Saul Gonzalez (OSTP) inanition to the sessions speakers.
Organized by Maria Spiropulu (Caltech) & Ed Berger (ANL)